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Urinating in odd places (out of litter box) could be a medical problem (infection, crystal formation), a behavioral problem, or a combination of both.

It is very important to rule out a medical problem first. Especially with male cats (neutered or not), since crystal formation and urethral inflammation can result in a life-threatening condition within hours! Cats may urinate in unlikely places when stressed. Also, cats that have had a medical problem may continue to avoid their litter box even after the medical problem is resolved because they may associate extreme pain with the litter box. Consult with your veterinarian any time you see your cat urinating outside of the litter box -- you may save your cat's life.

Veterinary Q & A: Should I Call The Vet?

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